By identifying effects that a buyout-firm has on management control systems in its Portfolio companies, the aim of this thesis is to explain how such effects differs between the companies and finally to explain why the effects differs even though the companies are owned by the same buyout-firm. The study is conducted as a qualitative case study based on interviews with representatives from the studied buyout-firm and three of its Portfolio companies.By analyzing the empirical findings with frameworks and theories within management control systems and value creation, we cannot only identify effects that are common for all Portfolio companies but we can also observe differences between the Portfolio companies.The identified effects that are common for all Portfolio companies are: increased internal reporting burden, increased perceived risk of getting laid off among managers and co-workers and replacement of the board immediately after acquisition.The effects that are observed only for two Portfolio companies are: increased focus on short-term planning, higher financial targets, replacement of company management upon acquisition and moving of decision authorities to higher organizational levels. Differences are observed although the Portfolio companies are owned by the same buyout-firm due to: differences in management and co-workers equity stake in the Portfolio companies, differences in business complexity and differences in planned exit-horizon..

Background: The importance of creativity and innovation is frequently stressed in modern literature on management. The significance of innovation gives entrepreneurs the reason to prior to the commencement of a relationship with a venture capitalist, obtain necessary insights regarding the influences such a relationship may have, in terms of innovation. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to scrutinise the influence of venture capital firms on their Portfolio companies regarding their ability to be innovative. Delimitations: The intent is to study the impact of a venture capitalist from the viewpoint of its Portfolio companies. In other words, what the Portfolio companies have perceived as changes is our main area of concern, rather than what the venture capitalist has perceived as change.

In order to drive innovation and growth in a nation is it important to have innovative companies. Many of those innovative companies are smaller companies, which are in need of capital injections for expansion of its operations or to be able to produce a commercial product. In many cases the banks will not lend because they believe there is too great a risk that they will not get their money back. It is in this situation venture capital becomes interesting. Venture capitalists? see the potential the product and/or entrepreneur possesses and are therefore more willing to take the risk in investing in these companies.

Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

The purpose of this paper is to find out which portfolio theory one should use during a financial crisis. We will examine two different portfolio theorys, the Minimum Variance portfolio and the beta portfolio.We have chosen to study two different portfolios, and followed their development during the financial crisis with its start in 2008 and the IT bubble with its start in the middle of 2000.The data has been collected from OMX internet database making it quantitative study. The beta portfolio's objective is to follow the index and the Minumim Variance portfolio´s objective is to spread the risk by investing in stocks with low volatility. By following the two different portfolios, and compare the development to the index, we will be able to determine which theory is most suitable to use during a recession. The studyperiods we chose were both in a recession and it turned out that the most appropriate portfolio to use was the Minimum Variance portfolio because stock in this portfolio tends to be less sensitive to economic fluctuations..

The aim of this small thesis is to investigate if the probability of business failure is higher at the time of divestment than at the time of acquisition for Portfolio companies that have been subject to private equity ownership. The background for this thesis is the widespread critique aimed at private equity firms, claiming that they increase the risk in their Portfolio companies. We have performed a study of 53 buyout transactions, involving Swedish manufacturing companies, covering a time span of 13 years, from 1995 to 2007. We find evidence of an increased risk of business failure for the Portfolio companies with a short forecasting horizon (within one year). The absolute increase in the sample is however small.

Portfolio Är portfolio en möjlig metod på yrkesförberedande gymnasieprogram?.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att ta reda på hur man som pedagog kan arbeta med digital portfolio i förskola samt hur digital portfolio kan fungera som ett underlag till reflektion över pedagogens verksamhet samt som ett verktyg till att förändra den. I min undersökning har jag använt mig av en kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer med pedagoger i förskolan som arbetar med digital portfolio. Min studie visar att pedagogerna anser att digital portfolio är ett arbetssätt som synliggör barns lärande för pedagogerna, barnen själva samt för föräldrarna. Studien visar även att digital portfolio används till att förstå och förändra den egna verksamheten men att pedagogerna inte på ett medvetet sätt använder digital portfolio till det syftet. I min diskussion för jag ett resonemang om resultatet samt om möjligheterna med digital portfolio..

Abstract: Private equity used to be synonymous with tremendous yields and rates of return. However, the private equity market trembled in 2008, due to the financial meltdown caused by the worldwide credit crisis. Considering the current low number of exits within the private equity industry, the purpose of this thesis is to examine if there has been any change in how private equity firms control their Portfolio companies since the inception of the crisis. One private equity company and two Portfolio companies have been studied. The case study is prepared from interviews with senior directors in the portfolio company and investment managers in the private equity firm.

Portfolio är ett sätt att dokumentera och en portfolio kan utgöras av en samling av barnets alster som visar på barnets framsteg. Vi vill med vår undersökning ta reda på hur man som pedagog kan arbeta med portfolio i förskolan. Vi vill även ta reda på varför man som pedagog kan arbeta med portfolio i förskolan. I vår litteraturgenomgång har vi tagit upp kort om förskolans historia, lärande, pedagogisk dokumentation och reflektion. Därefter har vi en del som behandlar portfolio i korthet: samverkan, utformning och innehåll.

I arbetet undersöks portfolio, som är en metod som används i skolan för att eleverna skall bli medvetna om sitt eget lärande..

Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

Background: The growth of the venture capital industry has given birth to new relations between investors and entrepreneurial firms. Venture capital firms are by definition investors serving as an active partner which implies a deeper relation between investors and entrepreneurs than has been the case previously. This new situation leads to a number of questions. Do venture capitalists really act as active partners with a long term interest in the venture? Do they add any value besides capital? How important is their influence in the portfolio company's decision making process? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to give a deeper understanding of the relation between venture capital firms and IT companies in the start-up phase.

Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

Denna rapport redovisar utvecklingen av en elektronisk portfolio som är avsedd att användas av personer verksamma inom eller med inriktning mot IT-branschen, till exempel webbutvecklare. Syftet med e-portfolion är att den skall representera en persons kunskaper och kompetens med hjälp av publicerat material som kan tänkas vara intressant för arbetsgivare. Tanken är att e-portfolion skall fungera som komplement till CV och personligt brev. För utvecklingen av e-portfolion har jag utnyttjat olika designprinciper och riktlinjer. Märkspråket HTML, CSS samt skriptspråken PHP och JavaScript har använts.